Perforated card interpreter



9 Sheets-Sheet l E. A. FORD PERFORATED CARD INTERPRETER Filed .OGL 25, 1935 April 13, 1937.

R o T. N w m mb .Umm O Y S, K JW r N we QQ- mmh Nm# om.. mw we@ v v F mm\ n QN x QN O f ATTORNEY E. A. FORD April 13, 1937.

PERFORATED CARD INTERPRETER Filed Oct. 25, 1955 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 mw `W Mm.

NVENTOR i fM l BY ` AT'TQRNEY 25, 1955 9 sheets-sheet` 3 Filed OCT.

INVENT;

BYW/ l I TTORNEY plril v13, 1937. E. A. FORD E PEREORATED CARD INTERPRETER Filed Oct. 25, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIGB.

JOHN nos THE NTERNATmNAL co U DD [1U [Il] i642 MAIN ns1' [H] [IDBI] DDDUUI] DEUD U AUHUl INVENTOR w 1 ATTORNEY April 13, 1937.

E. A. FORD PERFORATED CARD INTERPRETER Filed Oct. 25, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Faas , mw im ATTORNEY April 13, 1937. E. A. FORD PERFORATED CARD- INTERPRETER 9 Sheets-Sheeil 6 Filed Oct. 25, 1935 ATTORNEY April 13, 1937. E. A. FORD 2,076,713

PERFORATED CARD INTERPRETER Filed om. 25, 1935 9 sheets-sheet 7 @IBA if F |611.

ATTORNEY April 13, 1937. E. A. FORD A2,076,713

PERFORATED CARD INTERPRETER Filed ocr. 25, 1935 9 sheets-Sheet 8 `128 lNvEN '2224 April '13, 1937. E. A. FORD PERFORATED CARD INTERPRETER Filed Oct, 25, 1935 9 SheetSASheet 9 RX0IZ3456789 Patented Apr. 13, 1937 UNIT-ED STATES PATENT OFFICE PERFORATED CARD INTERPRETER Eugene A. Ford, Scarsclale, N. Y., assig'nor to International Business Machines Corporation,

New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application October 25, 1935, Serial No. 46,773

i 17 Claims.

This invention relates to printing mechanisms cards as perforated to represent alphabetic designations contain twelve index point positions, nine of which represent digits, and the remaining three are known as zone perforations. The zone perforations are analyzed in advance of the digit perforations to preselect the zone, after which the digit perfcrations are analyzed to select a type within the zone. Briefly, a single set of analyzing brushes is utilized to successively analyze both the zone and digit perforations. A single set of printing magnets is utilized to iirst position the type bars to selecta zone and then to effect further selection, to select a particular type within the zone. In carrying out the objects of the invention, the type bars are arranged for frictional connection with an invariably reciprocated crosshead and as the zone perforations are analyzed, the type bars are permitted to travel With the crosshead in displaced relationship according to the zone selected so that as the digit positions are analyzed, the selected zones will be passing printing position. The sensing of a digit perforation at s uch time will interrupt further advance of the type bar and it will accordingly be positioned to present the character corre, spending to the combination represented by the zone and digit perforations sensed.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be obvious from the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying the invention or from an inspection of the accompanying drawings; and the invention also constitutes certain new and useful features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a central section of the complete machine.

Fig. 2 is an outside view of the machine looking from'the rear.

Fig. 3 is a plan section taken substantially along the lines 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation cf the type bar controlling mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a view or' a record card showing the arrangement of punching and printing.

(Cl. lOl- 93) Fig. 6 is a detailed position view of a type bar and its controlling mechanism.

Fig. 7 is an end view of the card feeding drum.

Fig. 8 is a detail taken substantially along line Fig. 9 isa further detailed position view of the type bar and its controlling mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a detail View of the printing magnet knock-off mechanism Fig. 11 is a wiring diagram of the electric circuits of the machine.

Fig. 1 2 is a timing chart of the electrical and certain of the `mechanical devices.

Fig. 13 is a detail view of the ribbon spacing mechanisms.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail of one of the' type bars.

Fig. 15 is a section taken'along lines I5-I5 of Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a section on line IB-IG of Fig. 14.

Fig. 17 is a detail of the type bar stop restoring mechanism.

Fig. 18 is a section taken on the lines I8--I8 of Fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a diagram showing the coding arrangement for the various characters.

In the drawings, I0 represents the base of the machine upon which is mounted a pair of side frames II (Figs. 1 and 2). Supported on the rear frame II is a drive shaft I2, to one end of which is secured a pulley I3 which has connection through a belt I4 to a" suitable driving motor (not shown) which is located beneath the base of the machine. 'I'he shaft I2 carries a worm I5 which meshes with a worm Wheel linounted upon a shaft I1 (see also Fig. 8). The shaft I'I extends through the rear frame II and at its inner extremity carries a crank arm I9 which has connection through a link 20 with an arm 2l pivoted at 22. The upper end of arm 2| has pin and slot connection with the horizontally reciprocable card picker 23 which for each revolution of shaft I'I will advance the record card from the bottom of the stack of cards through the throat 24 and into engagement'with a pair of constantly running feed rollers 25 carried by shafts 26. As shown in Fig. 2, these shafts carry gears 21 at their extremities Which mesh with threaded section 2B of the main drive sha-ft I2.

As the record card is advanced by the rollers 25, the leading edge thereof engages and rocks card lever 29 which is pivoted at 3l)` and under the influence of a record card will rock in a. counterclockwise direction to close a pair of card lever contacts 3I.

As the card continues its advance, it will pass between a set of analyzing brushes 32 and a contact drum generally designated 33. A set of feed rollers 34 carried on rod 35 cooperate with the drum 33 to effect further advance of the record CII ' rod 38 in a counterclockwise direction through gear 45.

an angle of ninety degrees will permit the plates 36 to be swung counterclockwise carrying therewith the rollers 34, analyzing brushes 32, and the guide plate 3 9, thus providing access to the cylinder 33 for inspection purposes. The drum 33 is provided with a plurality of gripping fingers 40 (see Figs. 3 and 7). rIhese fingers 40 are carried by pins 4l and are urged into card gripping position by spring-pressed plungers 42. Fixed face cams 43 are secured to the side frames l! and cooperate with the fingers 48 to effect their opening and closing at the proper time. rfhe timing of the fingers is such that the record card is gripped as it passes the analyzing position and held securely to the drum as it rotates to further advance the card.

The manner in which the drum is rotated will now be set forth.

The drum 33 is secured upon a shaft 44- (Figs. 2 and 3) which has loosely mounted thereon a Meshing with gear 45 is a rack 46, one end of which carries a roller 41 which cooperates with a cam 48 secured upon the shaft l1. The rack i6 is suitably supported for reciprocation and is normally urged against the cam 48 by a spring 49. As the cam 48 rotates, the rack 46 is urged toward the right as viewed in Fig. 2, causing gear 45 to rotate clockwise. Secured to the gear 45 is an arm 58 upon-which is mounted a spring-pressed pawl which, as the arm rotates U' in a clockwise direction, will engage one of the three notches in the disk 52, which disk is secured to the shaft 44. The movement thus imparted to the shaft 44 will rotate the drum 33 and with .it the record card to a position where the leading margin of the record card is in printing position. This printing line is indicated in Fig. 5 as the uppermost line on which printing is shown.

Where it is desired to eifect printing on the second line as indicated in Fig. 5, the rack 46 is given a slight additional movement to rotate the drum 33 an additional amount sufficient to present the second printing line to position. For this purpose the cam 48 (Fig. 2) is provided with a slidable portion 48a which carries a pin 53 which cooperates with a stationary cam 54. With the cam in the position shown in Fig. 2, the slide 48a. is moved outwardly as the pin 53 engages the high portion of the cam 54. As the cam 48 continues to rotate in a clockwise direction, however, the slide 48a will be free to move inwardly again,

and the roller 41 will be controlled by the contour of the main cam 48.

The cam 54 may be positioned about ninety degrees in a clockwise direction, in which position the slide 48a. will be forced outwardly as the camming portion thereof passes the roller 41 and will accordingly impart additional movement thereto. In Fig. 8 is shown the arrangement whereby the cam 54 may be shifted. A pin 55 is secured in the shaft l1 and engages a U-shaped slot 56 in the supporting sleeve of cam 54. The sleeve vis normally urged against cam 48 by a spring 51 pressing against a collar 58 o-n the end of the shaft. The sleeve is provided with a hand wheel 59 which may be engaged to draw the cam toward the right as viewed in Fig. 8, then turned and released to assume its new position.

The shaft 44 has secured thereto a gear 66 which meshes with af gear 6I secured to the shaft 35. The gear 60 also meshes with a gear 62 which meshes with a gear 63 on shaft 64. The gear 63 in turn meshes with a gear 65 on the shaft 66. As shown in Fig. 1, the shafts 64 and 66 carry rollers 61 which receive the card from the drum 33 after printing has been effected and advance it to the discharge magazine. Mounted on shaft 66 is a cam 68 which cooperates with a springpressed follower arm 69 which is carried on a shaft 10. Mounted on the arm is a pusher plate 1I (Fig. l) which is oscillated by the cam 68 to urge the record cards toward the right in the discharge stack. The backing plate 12 of the discharge stacker has a projection extending downwardly through .a suitable slot in the bottom of the stacker to which is secured a wire 13 suitably guided around pulleys as shown and has a weight 14 attached to the opposite end to urge the plate against the cards.

As cards accumulate in the stacker, the plate will be urged toward the right and when the stacker is full, a. lug will engage and cause opening of a normally closed pair of stacker contacts 16 whose function will be explained in connection with the circuit diagram.

The drum 33 has associated therewith a brake arm 11 (Fig. l) which is carried by a shaft 18. In Fig. 2 the'shaft 18 carries an arm 19 which cooperates with a suitable cam 80. TheI purpose of the brake arm is to assist in stopping the forward movement of the drum and prevent any overthrow due to the inertia of the parts. Also cooperating with the drum 33 is a contact blade 8| (Fig. l) which extends `across the cylinder and in addition to supplying current thereto, serves as a scraper to remove dust and lint which may accumulate on the surface of the drum.

Positioned between the drum and the type bars is a shield 82 which is supported on a suitable cross member (see Fig. 7) provided which is carried by a cross bar 84 supported at its opposite ends by bell crank members 85. Integral with one of the members 85 is a gear sector 86 meshing with `a gear 81 with which a second sector 88 also meshes. The sector 88 is integral with a cam follower arm -89 whose roller engages a cam 90 carried by a shaft 9i. The shaft 9| carries a worm wheel 82 meshing with a worm 93 secured to the main drive shaft I2. The operation of the movable shield 83 is such that as the record card moves into printing position and passes the upper edge of the xed shield 82, the movable shield will have moved into position as in Fig. 7 to guide the leading edge of the card past the upper edge of the xed shield to prevent any possible interference with the movement of the card. Thereafter the shield 83 moves upwardly again to form an opening for the type elements.

The machine is provided with a plurality of type bars 96 as shown in Fig. 14 with four groups of type elements 94 for each of which groups there is a spring 95, one end of which engages a portion of the type bar and the other engages shoulders on the element 94 (see also Fig. 15). Each of the type bars is provided with a notch 91 which is normally engaged by a slide 98 and which serves to hold the type bar in its upper position as shown in Fig. 1. The lower portion of each of the type bars is provided with an undercut slot (as shown in Fig. 16) within which a draw link 99 is mounted. The upper end of this link 99 is split as shown in Fig. 14 and the spring tension therein causes it to press firmly against the sides of the slot. As will be egcplained,

the link 99 is drawn downwardly and its upperendv A further shield 83 is v exerts a frictional pull on the type bar which, if

' the bar is released by slide 98, will cause the bar to descend. Each of the type bars 96 is also provided with four sets of teeth which cooperate with stop slides |0| after the type bar has been released for downward movement with the draw link 99. If, as the type bar moves downwardly, its stop slide |0| is advanced,the further movement of the type bar will be interrupted and the link 99 will continue without accompanying movement of the type bar. Upon return or upward movement of the link 99, the type bar 96 will be urged upwardly therewith until its head strikes a cushion |02, after which the link 99 will slide upwardly within the type bar` slot.

The operation of the slides 98 and IUI is controlled by magnets |03. Each magnet |03, when energized, will draw its armature |04 toward the left, as viewed in Figs. l and 10, thereby releasing a spring-pressed bell crank for counterclockwise rotation under the 'influence of its spring |06. The dependingarm of the bell crank engages the extremity of a rod |01 and urges the same to the right. The free end of the rod |01 passes through a suitable opening in the end of a bail |08 which. is pivoted at |09 and may be rocked from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that of Fig. 9. The means for rocking the bail comprises an arm ||0 secured to a rod which rod carries a follower arm ||2 cooperating'with a cam ||3 secured upon a shaft ||4.

In Fig. 2, the shaft I4 carries a gear |5 meshing with a gear ||6 on a vertical shaft ||1, the upper end of which carries a worm wheel ||8 meshing with a worm ||9 on the main shaft l2. The parts are normally in the position shown in Fig. 1 and energization of magnet |03 with the parts in this position will cause movement of rod |01 toward the right to move the slide 98 out of engagement with the notch 91 of the type bar so the latter may commence its descent. Thereafter, the bail |08 is rocked to the position of Fig. 9 and a further energization of the magnet |03 will move the rod |01 toward the right to operate the stop slide |0|.

Intermediate the successive energizations of magnet |03, it is necessary to restore the armature |04 and bell crank |05. This is effected by means of a cam (Fig. 1) carried by shaft H4, which cam cooperates with an arm 2| pivoted at |22 and having its upper extremity in engagement with a bar |23 (Fig. 10) which bar is suitably mounted for horizontal reciprocation.

As the bar is shifted toward the right, as viewed in Fig. l0, the cross bar |24 carried thereby will by a rod |281) (see Fig. 4) whichframe is adapted to reciprocate within a slot |29 in a member 30 Which itself is suitably guided for vertical reciprocation. An arm |3| having a bifurcatedv end engages a suitable pin in each end of the frame |28a to reciprocate the latter. The arm |3| has safety spring connection with a frame |32 mounted on a. rod |33. An arm |34 of the frame |32 has a follower roller cooperating with a cam |35 under control of whichvthe crosshead |28 is moved downwardly. Rod` |33 also carries ,clockwise to wind the ribbon on spool 62.

an arm |36 (Fig. 2) cooperating with a cam 35a to rock the frame |32 counterclockwise to elevate the crosshead |28. The frame |30 is provided with a notch |31 into which the-free end of a lever |38 extends. The lever |38 is pivoted at |39 and carries a follower roller in engagement with a cam |40. .A spring |4| serves to rock lever |38 to lower the frame |30 under control of the cam |40. Carried by the frame 30 are three pivoted bails |42 and a fixed plate |43. Each of the bails |42 has an extension provided with a pin |44v which extends into a slot |45 in a lever |46 pivoted at |41.

The lower end of the lever |46 has a link con-l nection |48 with an arm |49 pivoted at |50. This lever carries a follower roller which cooperates with a cam |5| on the shaft ||4. This cam serves to rock the bail |42 from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that of Figs. 6 and 9 at a definite time in the cycle of operation, after which the bails move downwardly with the plate |30 in their displaced position. The timing of the'various operations will be explained hereinafter in connection with the circuit diagram, in con-nection with which the coordination of the entire mechanism will be explained. Y

Adjacent to each of the type bars 96 is a l printing plunger |52 (see Figs. 3 and 9) each of which is mounted on a plate |53 horizontallyreciprocable in a slot'l |53a in a frame |54. Extending across all of the plungers |52 is a thin flexible metallic strip |55 separating the plungers from a rubber cushion |56. After the type bars have been positioned for printing, the cams |51 carried by shaft 9| engage an adjustable bearing plate |58 secured to the plate |53 to urge the same toward the right so that the `plungers |52 may press .selected type elements against the drum 33 to effect an impression on the record card. Suitable leaf -springs A|59 are provided for e'ecting retraction of the plate |53. For purposes of safety,` a bell crank |60 is provided which cooperates with a cam |6| and will positively retract the plate |53, if for any reason the springs |59 fail to do so.

The inking ribbon extends across the type bar and is carried on spools |62 and |63 (Fig. 1). The feeding mechanism for the spools is shown in Fig. 13 wherein the spools Vare provided with ratchets |64 .cooperating with holding pawls |65 and stepping pawls |66. .The pawls |66 are pivoted upon the bar |61 which has operating connection |68 with a lever |69 whose other extremity has connection with an eccentric pin |10 carried in the extremity of the shaft 9|. Thus, as the shaft 9| rotates, the lever |69 is oscillated and' with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 13,-

the upper ratchet |641will be rotated counter- The pawls |66 are maintained in their relative positions on bar |61 by a detent bar |1| which is slidably carried by the bar |61. The operation is such that as the ribbon is unwound from the spool |63, a member |12 is permitted to rock clockwise as viewed in Fig. 13 to interpose a finger |13 in the path of bar |.1|. The downward movement of the bar |1| will thereupon be prevented and the .further movement of bar 61 lwill cause a relative displacement of the two bars with the result that the upper pawl 66 is rocked out of engagement with the bar |61 and the lower paw] is permitted to engage, thus effecting a reversal of the ribbon feeding operation. The ribbon feeding mechanism 'nas been but briefly described as the deent invention.

In Fig. 2 the vertical shaft ||1 carries a nurnber of contact operating cams designated Cl, C2; C4, C5, and C1 and. a distributing commutator designated D. The timing and functioning of these devices will be set forth in connection` with the explanation of the circuit diagram.

Referring now to Fig. l1, the analyzing brushes 32 are shown as terminating in plug sockets |12 from which plug connections |13 may be made to plug sockets |14 which are wired to the type bar controlling magnets |03. Closure of the main starting switch S will supply current to the motor generator MG which drives the generator end G to supply current to lines |15 and |16. Closure of start key contacts |11 will establish a circuit from line |15, I,through relay magnet |18, relays |19, |80, stop key contacts '|8I,

discharge hopper contact 16 to line 16. Energization of relays |19 and A|80 will close their respective contacts I19a and I80a to supply current to the driving motor M, thus placing the machine proper in operation. As a card is fed from the stacker, the card lever contacts 3| close, establishing a circuit fromv line |15, through contacts 3|, relay magnet |82, to line |16. Relay |82 closes its contacts 82a to provide a holding circuit for the relay through cam contacts C5 and the contacts |8211 complete a circuit from line |15 to contacts |8212, contacts |18a, relay |18, through the motor relays |19 and |80 to line |16 as before. Cam contacts C1 serve to provide a further holding circuit through the relayA |18. As long as cards continue to feed in succession, the card lever contacts 3| will remain closed and the relay magnets |82 and |18 will remain constantly energized. 'Ihe function of contacts C5 and C1 is to maintain these circuits for a short period after the last card has passed the card lever to insure that the perforaticns thereon are properly sensed.

'I'he card lever contacts 3| also supply current to the brush '|83 of the distributor D which is provided with contact segments |84 positioned to engage brush |85 as the index point positions of the record card traverses the analyzing brushes 32. For example, if, when the I2 index point position of a record card is at the brushes 32, a perforation in such position will complete a circuit traceable from line |15, contacts 3|, brush |83, common ring of the distributor, I2 segment |84, brush |85, wiper 8|, contact cylinder 33, perforation in the 12 position, brush 32, plug socket |12, connection |13, to a selected socket |14, magnet |03, to line |16. If the same record column contains a further perforation in one of the digit recording positions I to 9 the circuit will be repeated to again energize the magnet |03 when the segment |84 corresponding to the value of the perforatlons is at the brush |85.

Frequently in perforating record cards perforations are made in the so-called X or R" positions which are for the purpose of designating the classification of certain data.. For example, a column may be perforated in the "6 position to indicate the value 6 and the same column maybe perforated in the X position to indicate thatl this 6 is a negative quantity. When this column is sensed in the present machine, the combination 6 and X, if .both

. positions were sensed, would record the letter during the passage of the R and X positions by the brushes and to'close thereafter. Thus, in such selected columns, only the second perforation will be sensed to properly record the value of that perforation. A further so-called class selection relay magnet |89 is also provided which controls contacts |89a, |8917. A plug cor'inection, indicated at |90, may be made from one of the plug sockets |12 to the plug socket ISI.

The cam contacts C2 are timed to close as the X index point position of the card is analyzed and the perforation present will complete a circuit from the brush 32 ofthe plug socket |12, connection |90, to socket ISI, contacts C2, relay magnets |92 and '|89, to line |16. Shortly thereafter cam contacts CI close and maintain the circuit'through the relays through the contacts 92a, the circuit beingv maintained throughout the analysis of the record card. In this manner thecontacts |89a, |89b are shifted from their position as shown upon the occurrence of an X perforation in a selected card column and the terminals of these contacts may be plug connected between the sockets |12 and |14 to control the connections in accordance with the presence of the X perforation. Y

Referring now to Fig. 12, the sequence of operations will be set forth in detail. The electrical devices are shown in the upper part of the gure and the timing of the distributor D indicates a greater interval between the analysis of -the R, X, and O position than between the later analyzed digit positions. 'I'his is brought about by controlling the card feed to cause the sccalled zoning positions, that is, the R, X and O positions, to pass the analyzing brushes at a slower rate of speed. The movement of the card advancing drum is indicated at 33 where it is seen that the drum moves at a constant rate through the R, X and-O positions and after this movement there is a dwell indicated by a short horizontal line and following this there is a more rapid, uniform, movement as the digit l positions pass the analyzing brushes and this is `follo'wed by a longer horizontal line, indicating the period during which the drum 33 and the card thereon remain at rest. The dotted horizontal line indicates the advanced position of the drum when set to present the second printing line to printing position. The dot and dash linediverging from the horizontal indicates the return movement of the rack and pawl mechanism which advanced the drum. The line indicates the timing of the brake cam and shows the cam operating the brake as the drum comes to rest, thereby preventing any overthrow. The brake remains in gripping engagement with the cylinder during the printing operation, whose timing is indicated along the line |51. The line |35 indicates the operation of the crosshead controlling cam indicating that the drop of the lcrosshead is rapid as the zoning holes arev analyzed.

If a hole is sensed in the R position, the type bar is immediately released for downward movement with the crosshead and will follow the same at the same rate of speed. If the column contains an X perforation, the crosshead will have advanced ten steps, as indicated on the scale at the left of the diagram, before the type bar is released for movement, and if a O hole is sensed, the crosshead will have moved twenty steps before the type bar is released for movement with the crosshead. Following this differential releasing of the type bars under control of perforations, the release pawl cam 200 (Fig. 17) will mechanically release the remaining bars, this taking place after thirty steps of movement of the crosshead. Shortly thereafter the cam |5| rocks the several bails |42 into the path of the type bars and the further movement of the crosshead will seat the lower ends of the type bars in the bails. The bars which were released in response to an R perforation will cooperate with bail |43. Those controlled under release of the X perforation will cooperate with the lowermost bail |42. Those released in response to the O perforation will cooperate with the central bail |42, and those having no zone perforation will cooperate with the uppermost bail |42. These balls and their supporting slide now move downwardly under control of the cam |40 in synchronism with the passage of the digit representing positions by the analyzing brushes and as perforations are now sensed, the type bars will be differentially interrupted with a selected type element in printing position.

Referring now to Fig. 17, the cam 200 carried by shaft 9|, cooperates with a roller 20| carried by an arm 202, spring connected to bell crank 203 whose lower extremity ts within a notch in a bar 204 (see Fig. 18) Fitted in a further notch in bar 204 is a transverse bar 205 which extends across the type bar stops 98 (Fig. 6). The configuration of cam 200 is such that all stops 98 which are not withdrawn in response to R, X or O perforations are mechanically withdrawn by movement of bar 205 to the right after the O positions have been sensed. After the type bars have restored upwardly, the cam 200 returns bar 205 to the left to reengage all stops 98 with the notches 91 in the type bars.

Provision is made for permitting ready removal of the type bar unit from the machinefor replacement or repair. To do so, rod |2811 (Fig. 4) is withdrawn through a suitable opening in the side frame and screws 206 (Fig. 17) which extend through the side frames into frame 204 are removed. Cam 200 is rotated to bring its slot 201 above roller The operator then grips cross rods 208 and 209 to draw them together thus causing rocking of bell crank 203 and advancement of stops 98 into notches 91. 'Ihe frame 204 and the type bars carried thereby may be raised vertically out of the machineand lifted 01T its supporting pins 2|0 (Figs. 4 and 17).

'I'he sequence of operations in connection with a particular character will be reviewed in connection with Figs. 6 and 9f to illustrate the manner in which the character M is selected for printing. As seen in Fig. 19,` the character "M is designated by perforations in the X and 4 positions. Asthe record card passes the analyzing brushes, the crosshead |28 descends while the type bar 96 remains locked by the slide 98. At the time the X position has arrived -at the brushes, the crosshead |28 will have advanced the ten steps-indicated on the timing chart and s movement.

the release of the type bar at this time will permit the latter` to follow at the ten step interval which will bring the bottom of the type bar slightly above the lowermost bail |42 at the time when the bails are rocked from the position of Fig. 1 to that of Fig. 6. The crosshead |28 has'a slight additional movement to seat the type bars on their respective bails and to make allowance for any'slight slippage between the draw link 99 and the type bars. From this point on, the type bar follows under control of the bail |42 and the crosshead |28, whose rates of motion are the same for the subsequent period of downward As the bar continues downwardly,v the record card continues its advance past the brushes and when the 4 point is sensed, the second circuit is completed to energize the magnet |03 and cause shifting of the stop slide |0| whose operating rod |01 shifted from the position of Fig. 6 to that of Fig. 9. The type bar is accordingly arrested with the M type element in printing position.

Generally summarizing the type selecting operation, the crosshead |28 moves downward rapidly and the type bars follow with a differential displacement with respect to the crosshead. If an R hole is sensed, the bar and crosshead move down without any relative displacement. If an X hole is present, the displacement is a distance corresponding to the I zone. If a O hole is present, the displacement is twice as great, and if no zone hole is present, the displacement is three times as great. The bails 42 and |43 are for the purpose of securing an accurate adjustment between the displaced type bars and the crosshead before further descent and before the digit perforations are analyzed. l

While there has been shown and described and pointed. out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a single modification,

it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operationA may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scopeof the following claims.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A printing mechanism having a reciprocable type carrier provided with a plurality of type elements, an invariably reciprocable crosshead, a frictional connection between said crosshead and carrier, means for moving said crosshead, means normally locking said type carrier against movement with the crosshead and means for releasing said locking means whereupon said type carrier will travel with said crosshead under the influence of said frictional connection.

2. A printing mechanism having a reciprocable type carrier provided with a plurality of type elements, an invariably reciprocable crosshead,

a frictional connection between said crosshead and carrier, `means for reciprocating said crosshead, means normally locking said type carrier against movement and means for releasing said locking means during the movement of said crosshead in one direction whereupon said carrier will travel with said crosshead in said direction, said frictional connection being effective to restore the carrier whenv the crosshead moves in the opposite direction.

3. A printing mechanism having a type carrier provided with a plurality of type elements, ,a

crosshead, a frictional connection between lsaid.

crosshead and carrier, means for moving said crosshead, means normally locking said carrier against movement with said crosshead, and means for releasing said locking means whereupon said carrier will travel with said crosshead under the inliuence of said frictional connection. 4. The invention set forth in claim 3 in which means is provided for effecting a definite relative positioning between said carrier and cross- 10 head during the concurrent movement of the two.

5. In a printing mechanism, a type carrier, a crosshead, moving means therefor and means connecting said carrier to said crosshead including a link secured at one end to the crosshead and having slidable frictional connection with the carrier to frictionally urge the carrier in the direction of movement of the crosshead.

6. In a printing mechanism, a typebar, a

crosshead having an invariable extent of movement, means for frictionally connecting said bar and crosshead for movement of the bar with the crosshead and means effective during the con-V current movement of the two. for adjusting the relative positioning of the bar and crosshead while they continue their movement together.

7. In a printing mechanism, a type carrier, a crosshead, moving means therefor, a frictional connection between said carrier and crosshead,

means normally locking said carrier against movement with said crosshead, record controlled means for releasing said locking means to permit 'the carrier to follow the crosshead under the influence of said frictional connection, at diierential times during the movement of the crosshead v and further cam controlled means for releasing said locking means at a predetermined time during the movement of the crosshead.

8. In a printing mechanism having a type bar 40 provided with a plurality of groups of type elements, record analyzing means, means for moving the index point positions of a record card to pass said analyzing means in succession, and means for causing an entire group ofvtype elements to pass the printing position during the .analysis of one of said index point positions and to cause only a single type element to pass the printing position during the analysis of another.index point position. 9. In a machine of the class described, record analyzing means, means for feeding a record card having zone designating index point positions-and type designating positions to cause the zone designating index point positions to pass said analyzing means at a greater time interval than the type designating positions, a type bar having groups of type elements and means for causing one of said groups to pass printing position during the zone 'designating index position analyzing interval and a type element of azone during the type designating index position analyzing interval.

10. In a machine of the class described, record analyzing means, means for feeding a record card to pass said analyzing means so that one section of the card passes at a slower rate than the remainder, a type bar and means for causing said bar to pass printing position at one rate while the card is passing the analyzing means at its slower rate and at another rate While the said remainder of the card is passing the analyzing means.

11. In a machine of the class described, record analyzing means, means for feeding a record card to pass said analyzing means so that one section of the card passes at a slower rate than the remainder, a type bar 'and means for causing said bar to pass printing'position at a greater rate of speed while the card is traveling at its slower rate and at a slower rate While the said remainder of the card is passing the analyzing means at its greater rate of speed.

l2. In a printing mechanism, a plurality of type bars, means for positioning said bars, a plurality of type actuatingA plungers, one for each type bar, a resilient member for pressing said plungers against said bars and a exible non-resilient strip interposed between said resilient member and said plungers. n

13. InI a printing mechanism, a plurality. of type bars, means for positioning said bars, an impression member, means for positively urging said member against said bars to take an impression therefrom, resilient means for retract ing said member, and auxiliary means for effecting positive retraction of said member if said resilient means becomes ineffective.

14. In a printing mechanism, a type bar, a crosshead having an invariable extent of movement, means Afor frictionally connecting said bar and crosshead for movement of the bar with the crosshead, and invariably operated means for retarding said bar after it is 'connected to the crosshead and without stopping the movement thereof.

l5. In a printing mechanism, means for successively analyzing a plurality of index point 'positions in a column of a record card, a type bar having a plurality of type elements, a crosshead, means for moving the same, a frictional connection between said bar and crosshead, means normally locking said bar against movement with the crosshead, a magnet controlled by said analyzing means to cause said unlocking means to release said bar for movement with the cross head and further means controlled by said magnet for subsequently-restraining said bar against continued movement with the crosshead.

16. In a machine of the class described, means for feeding a record card through the machine including a drum and ngers carried by the drum to secure said card thereto, a line of sensing brushes engaging said card along a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the drurrr,.,printing devices controlled by said sensing brishes and arranged to print said card along another line parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, means for rotating said drum a predetermined amount to cause the card to pass said sensing brushes and. come to rest between said printing devices and the drum, and means for causing said devices to print upon said card.

1'?. In a machine of the class described, means for feeding a succession o-f cards through the machine, including a drum and a cam and roller device for rotating said drum .to feed the cards, means for sensing perforations in the cards while the latter are in motion, said cam and roller device being arranged to temporarily interrupt the rotation of the drum to permit printing on the cards, means controlled by the sensing means for printing data upon the cards while they are temporarily at rest and means for adjusting the contour of said cam whereby printing will be effected in another position on the cards.

E. A. FORD. 

